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Karakoram Highway Improvement Project and Realignm, Pakistan

KaraKoram Highway (KKH), located in North Pakistan, is the only vital land communication line between Pakistan and China and also the international highway with the highest average elevation in the world. It is considered as the Eighth Wonder of the World and one of the 17 most costly construction projects in modern times in the world.

Karakoram Highway Improvement Project runs 335km long from Raikot to Khunjerab. It was designed and constructed according to the Chinese standard for third-grade highways. Its construction started in August 1, 2008 and was successfully completed in November 30, 2013.

In 2010, a large landslip happened on the bank of HUNZA River in North Pakistan, causing a barrier lake. And this barrier lake inundated KKH Highway under construction for over 20km. Therefore, CRBC and Pakistan National Highway Authority signed the supplementary agreement on the Realignment of KKH at Attaabad Barrier Lake. 

The Realignment of KKH at Attaabad Barrier Lake is 24km long, and the construction started on July 26, 2012. The main works included five tunnels (7136.8m) and two bridges (471.8m). The completion ceremony of this project was held on September 14, 2015. By then, the northern section of KKH had been fully completed.

It is not only the only land corridor between China and Pakistan, but also a friendship road between China and Pakistan. It does not only greatly improve the main highway network of Pakistan, but also lays a good foundation for the interconnectivity of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.

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Technical Difficulties
  • Supply of Main Materials

    In order to solve the problem of supply of main materials after the barrier lake was formed, the project department built several temporary wharfs and purchased large barges to transport the construction materials.

  • Gravity

    Because of developmental joint fissure of rocks along the line and the broken rocks, coupled with the steep mountains, collapse may happen with the action of gravity. For general collapses, subgrade protection, slope cleanup and setting of blocking structures were adopted. For some very serious sections, tunnels or tunnel sheds were built.

  • Short Construction Time

    In order to cope with the problem of short construction time, low temperature and everlasting snow in winter, the project department established Khunjerab Plateau Commando, Khunjerab Snow Slid Rescue Commando and so on, and held labor competition to enhance the working efficiency.

  • High-Altitude Perennial Frozen Soil

    In order to solve the problem of high-altitude perennial frozen soil, the project constructors observed and tested the freezing and thawing characteristic of the frozen soil all year round. Through adding high-strength Geogrid to the top layer of the subgrade and adopting the construction technology ballast ventilation embankment, they basically solved the influence of frozen soil on the subgrade settlement.

  • Washout

    Washout selection is mainly located at the Sust- K796 valley line deep-cutting gorge section. The project department adopted such design schemes as raising the subgrade, setting up bank protecting wall, wire gabion and spur dike.

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Social Responsibility

In November, 2008, the river water which rose suddenly in Pasu Town, Bagurmit, washed out the farmland of the villagers. The project department decided to transfer two excavators to dredge the river channel to protect the villagers’ farmland. And the villagers voluntarily make the bilingual banner “Improving the Channel, Benefiting Local People” to the project department. 

 

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